Separate, small group activities are easier to manage and to structure.

Physically separate options into different areas if possible. Using multiple rooms is a great way to do this, if that space is available. This decreases activity in a confined area and makes space more manageable.

Develop and implement clear rules regarding participation, as well as expectations for students choosing not to participate in activity. These are things that should be introduced to the children at the beginning of the activity, talked about at the end and all staff should be aware of and reinforcing throughout.

Make sure staff are either participating in activities or stationed within each area to help children with the activity. This allows for less conflict amongst children, easier monitoring for the staff and more options for positive reinforcement.

Free time can be too much for children to handle especially at the end of the day. By structuring the free time or using controlled choice you can allow for more success and a better ending to the day. The structured play can include multiple options for the children to choose from.

Many children are able to independently choose an activity to occupy themselves, however some are not. In this case, a staff member can help these children initiate a game to be played with other students. If the game is begun amongst students, make sure you (the teacher) stay in that area for the beginning to ensure that everything goes smoothly and continue to check in throughout as well.

Have alternative options for students who complete an activity early. This applies to group activities, not for free play periods.

Computer is often a popular activity, so designing a computer schedule for the classroom may be beneficial. A timer should also be placed near the computer station in order to keep track of each individual’s time spent in that area (a time limit should be enforced).

Headphones are very valuable – they decrease distraction for the children on the computers and also help retain the attention of other students who are engaged in different activities within the classroom. (If you are a city program please email Nicole, nhorton@cambridgema.gov, if you are looking for headphones)

When doing an art project, explain all directions and show an example before beginning so that the objective is known and everyone is on the same page.

Once particular materials in the activity are not being used anymore, put them away. This will create less temptation and less distraction for the children involved.